Uilleann Pipes (Píobaí Uilleann)

The 'pipes of the elbow', known for their sweet, mellow tone and complex range.

The Uilleann Pipes (pronounced "ill-un") are the characteristic national bagpipes of Ireland. Their name translates to "pipes of the elbow," referring to the method of inflation. Unlike the Scottish Highland bagpipes, which are blown into by mouth, the Uilleann pipes use a bellows strapped to the right elbow to pump air into the bag.

This design allows the player to sing while playing (if they wish) and produces a quieter, sweeter tone suitable for indoor playing. The instrument is complex, featuring a chanter for the melody, drones for a continuous background note, and "regulators"—keyed pipes that allow the player to add rhythmic and harmonic accompaniment.

Developing from the early 18th century, the Uilleann pipes are considered one of the most sophisticated bagpipes in the world. In 2017, Uilleann piping was recognized by UNESCO as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.